SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM

Abstract

A solar tracker is a device that orients a payload toward the Sun. Payloads are usually solar panels, parabolic troughs, Solar reflectors, lenses or the mirrors of a heliostat. Trackers direct solar panels or modules toward the sun. These devices change their orientation throughout the day to follow the sun’s path to maximize energy capture. solar trackers In photovoltaic systems, trackers help minimize the angle of incidence (the angle that a ray of light makes with a line perpendicular to the surface) between the incoming light and the panel, which increases the amount of energy the installation produces. Concentrated solar photovoltaics and concentrated solar thermal have optics that directly accept sunlight, so solar trackers must be angled correctly to collect energy. All concentrated solar systems have trackers because the systems do not produce energy unless directed correctly toward the sun. Single-axis solar trackers rotate on one axis moving back and forth in a single direction. This model comprises a DC geared motor to rotate a mini solar panel placed on motor shaft. The Circuit diagram of Solar Tracker comprises two LDR each of this connected to PNP transistor. Its output is connected to a Dual motor driver amplifier L-293D integrated circuit that changes the polarity of motor as per light falling on LDR correspondingly. The sensitivity of LDR can be controlled by a 1MEGA preset connected to the base of each transistor. A single battery of 9V dc is sufficient to move this motor on which solar panel and LDRS are placed.